Title: A study on Rheology and Morphology of Silica Gels derived from Controlling
Sol-gel Traansition
Aya Kaide
本研究は、ケイ酸ソーダ系のシリカゾルを対象とし、そのゾル−ゲル転移についての理解を深めるとともに、現象を制御することによって新しい材料を創製する手法の提案を目的とした。Y字管反応器によって製造したゾルの調製条件(制御因子)がシリカゾルのゲル転移、ゲルや乾燥ゲル粉末の特性に及ぼす影響をレオロジー的手法とモルフォロジー的手法によって明らかにした。この際、シリカ粒子が形成するネットワーク構造の違いに着目し、そのメカニズムについて説明を加えた。これより確立した制御手法をまとめ、さらにマンガン二酸化物(MnO2)へ応用を試みた。
The focus of the present study was
silica sols categorized as a sodium silicate system, with the goal of gaining
further understanding of the sol-gel transition and techniques to produce new
materials by controlling several aspects of the system. The effects of
preparation conditions (controllable factors) on the sol-gel transition and the
physical properties of both gels and dried gel powders produced by a Y-shaped
reactor were investigated by both rheological and morphological measurements.
Differences in the network structure in which silica particles were formed are
examined, and an explanation of the mechanism of silica gelling is provided.
The control technique established in this study is summarized, as is its
application to a manganese dioxide.
Chapter 1 provides an outline of
manufacturing methods for silica chemicals. The conventional studies that have
revealed the characteristics of the sol-gel transition of sodium silicate
systems are described. The positioning of the system as the ‘bulk chemical’ and
the necessity of fundamental research for obtaining the highly added values of
silica products are also discussed. Our intention to produce uniform sols by
using a Y-shaped reactor and our motivation to control the sol-gel transition
by changing the preparation conditions are explained. In Chapter 2, the principles of the
dynamic viscoelastic measurement are illustrated. Chapter 3 examines the
effects of controlling the temperature of sols and gels on the sol-gel
transition and on the physical gel properties for silica sols produced by a
Y-shaped reactor. The sol-gel transition was assessed using dynamic
viscoelastic measurements, and the physical properties of the gels were
quantitatively evaluated by a creep test. The results indicated that heating
cannot change the gel properties despite the progress of the formation rate of
a particle network structure, which indicates fast-forwarding of the gelling
time.
The academic significance of this study
is the demonstration of fundamental progress in the field of sodium silicate
systems, in which methods are proposed for controlling the gelling time,
physical properties of gels, and the adsorption property of dried gel powders.
In particular, the results of the study revealed the relationships among the
rheological properties and the bonding manner of silica particles, which will
greatly contribute to the progress of sol-gel transition studies. Regarding the
industrial significance of this study, it is apparent that the methods can be
used to solve problems and optimize the operating conditions on the
manufacturing floor in facilities that make silica products, contributing to the
quality management and extended use of the silica products. The knowledge
provided in this study will also contribute to the use of other sol-gel
synthesis materials.